Key Takeaways
- TLC Licensing Is Non-Negotiable: Every for-hire vehicle at your NYC wedding must be TLC-licensed — standard black cars (1–7 passengers) carry a minimum of $100,000 per person and $300,000 per occurrence; stretch limos and vehicles seating 8 or more require $1.5 million combined single limit coverage under New York State law effective January 1, 2020.
- Real Price Range: Wedding limos NY run $120–$250/hour for a stretch limo in 2026; JetBlack’s hourly service starts at $75/hour for sedans; Dial 7 publishes a 3-hour stretch limo wedding package at $360; Limo House starts from $200 with champagne, taxes, and fees included.
- Congestion Pricing Is Here to Stay: TLC black car and taxi trips entering Manhattan’s Congestion Relief Zone (south of 60th Street) carry a $0.75 per-trip passenger surcharge — upheld by federal court March 3, 2026. Ask every provider whether this is in the quote or billed separately.
- Competitor Trade-Off: Limo House and Dial 7 are purpose-built wedding operators with all-in package pricing; JetBlack’s advantage is fleet range and fixed-rate logistics across multiple vehicles on a single day — not the emotional theatre of a traditional wedding limo arrival.
- Review Spread: JetBlack holds 4.3/5.0 on TripAdvisor (239 reviews) and 4.0/5.0 on Trustpilot (45 reviews), both accessed March 25, 2026. Lower-rated TripAdvisor reviews consistently flag waiting-fee communication — raise it at booking and get the answer in writing.
- Book Early: WeddingWire data shows 73% of couples who reported NYC wedding transportation problems booked fewer than 3 months out. For May–October Saturdays in New York, 9–12 months advance booking is the industry standard.
This content is produced in partnership with JetBlack. The sponsor did not review or approve editorial content prior to publication. Negative review findings and competitor comparisons are included at editorial discretion and were not subject to sponsor approval.
By: Christina Jelski — Senior Editor, Hotels and Luxury Travel, Travel Weekly. Bylines in Travel Weekly, Wine Spectator, Market Watch. Based in New York City; covers global luxury hospitality including destination wedding travel trends. Full bio & portfolio
Fact-checked by: Alex Freeman — 30-year TLC-certified chauffeur and NYC DOT compliance advisor. Full bio
Last verified: March 25, 2026
The stretch limo outside the Plaza is one of the most recognisable images in New York wedding culture — white gloves, a ribbon on the hood, champagne waiting inside. What that image never shows is the fine print: the per-trip surcharge that wasn’t in the quote, the driver who started the wait-time clock the moment the plane touched down rather than when customs was cleared, or the stretch limo company whose insurance covered the 8-passenger model but not the 10-passenger version the bride actually booked. Shopping for wedding limos NY is not complicated, but it does require asking the right questions — and knowing which ones most couples never think to ask until the invoice arrives.
This comparison covers JetBlack alongside three direct competitors — Dial 7, Limo House, and Legends Limousine — across vehicle type, pricing, TLC compliance, and what real customers reported on their actual wedding days. Not to crown a winner. To give you the information a friend in the industry would give you over dinner.
Christina Jelski covers luxury hospitality and travel trends for Travel Weekly from New York City, including a 2025 investigation into shifting demand patterns in destination wedding transport. The data and price comparisons below were verified independently against provider websites, TLC records, and live review platforms as of March 25, 2026.
What NYC Wedding Transportation Actually Is — And Why the Distinction Matters
In New York City, every car that picks up a paying passenger — wedding or otherwise — operates under the authority of the Taxi and Limousine Commission (TLC), the city agency that licenses vehicles, drivers, and dispatch bases. Not every company advertising wedding limos NY on the first page of Google holds all three licenses. Some operate with a valid base license but with vehicles whose TLC vehicle license has lapsed. Others route calls to a dispatcher working out of an unlicensed base. The distinction is not academic — it determines what insurance is actually in force when your bridal party is on the BQE.
Under TLC rules, standard black car operators carrying 1–7 passengers must carry a minimum of $100,000 per person and $300,000 per occurrence in liability coverage. Larger vehicles — stretch limousines and any for-hire vehicle seating 8 or more passengers — face a much higher bar: a combined single limit of at least $1.5 million, as required under New York State law since January 1, 2020. That means the stretch limo your bridal party rides sits in a different insurance tier than the sedan picking up the groom. When comparing wedding limos NY quotes, ask for the vehicle-specific coverage figure — not the company’s general liability policy.
The TLC also mandates that all for-hire drivers hold individual TLC driver licenses, pass fingerprint background checks, and submit to random drug testing. When you are booking NYC wedding transportation, you are choosing a regulatory tier as much as a vehicle. Verify any driver or vehicle license in about 30 seconds at tlc.nyc.gov/industry/verify-a-license/ — before any deposit clears.
Wedding Limo Cost New York — Real Numbers, March 2026
The honest price range for wedding limos NY in 2026 is wider than most planning guides suggest. Dial 7 — one of New York’s longest-established car services, with over 30 years in the city — publishes a wedding package at $360 for 3 hours, in a white or black 8- or 10-passenger stretch limousine, anywhere in New York City.
That is a firm published rate with no guessing required. Limo House, a WeddingWire-listed provider carrying 5.0/5.0 across 125 reviews, starts at $200 and typically includes champagne service, taxes, and fees in most packages; their 2026 Ford Bronco stretch is one of the more visually distinctive options in the market right now. Legends Limousine, based in Brooklyn, offers Rolls Royce Phantoms for the couple and motor coaches for the guest shuttle — pricing on request, with a track record of flexibility for couples working within a tighter budget.
JetBlack takes a different approach to the wedding limo NY market. Its hourly rate starts at $75/hour for sedans and rises to $120/hour and higher for stretch limousines; the full fleet runs from 4-passenger sedans through Sprinter vans, minibuses, and coach buses seating up to 56 people. That range is the real differentiator.
A couple who needs airport pickups for family arriving at JFK, a 30-person guest shuttle from a Midtown hotel to a Brooklyn reception, and a private car for the ceremony can coordinate all three from a single JetBlack dispatcher at a fixed rate. What JetBlack does not typically offer is the champagne-and-décor package built into dedicated wedding providers — it is a logistics-first operation that serves weddings, rather than a wedding-first business built around the emotional weight of the day.
| Option | Base Rate | Tolls/Surcharges | Surge Risk | Fixed Rate? | TLC Licensed? | Realistic Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JetBlack (sedan) | $75/hr | CRZ $0.75/trip; tolls extra unless confirmed | None | Yes | Yes | $300–$600 (4–6 hrs) |
| Dial 7 (stretch limo) | $360 (3-hr package) | Tolls included in published package | None | Yes | Yes | $360–$600+ |
| Limo House (Escalade/Bronco stretch) | From $200 | Taxes and fees included per listing | None | Yes | Yes | $200–$800+ |
| Legends Limousine (stretch/Rolls) | On request | Varies by package | None | Yes (packages) | Yes | $400–$1,800+ |
| Uber/Lyft | Variable | CRZ $1.50/trip; surge applies | High | No | No (TLC-affiliated apps) | Unpredictable |
One figure worth sitting with: a JetBlack Sprinter van for 14 guests often costs less per head than four Uber XLs on a Saturday afternoon in June. Surge pricing in Midtown peaks precisely when most New York wedding receptions do. A pre-arranged, fixed-rate wedding shuttle bus NYC eliminates that exposure entirely. Where wedding limos NY from a dedicated provider like Limo House or Dial 7 make more sense is when the couple wants the full bridal arrival experience — a driver in formal attire, a decorated vehicle, a company whose entire operation is built around the weight of the day rather than the logistics of it.
Real Passengers, Real Trips: What Customers Actually Experienced
Case Study 1 — Marissa Brower, Google/JetBlack site, 5 Stars, July 2025
The Situation: A traveler arriving at JFK needed reliable transportation into Manhattan — the kind of pickup where the driver’s professionalism sets the tone for everything that follows.
What Happened: The driver — named Jeffrey — arrived on time, handled luggage carefully, and kept communication clear throughout. The vehicle was described as spacious, clean, and well-maintained, with the full process from booking to drop-off running without friction.
Why It Matters: For couples using wedding limo NY service, a JFK pickup is a useful stress test — the staging area is chaotic, the wait time is unpredictable, and drivers who handle it well tend to handle a wedding morning the same way.
Case Study 2 — Natalie Byrne, Trustpilot, 5 Stars, December 2023
The Situation: A customer booked JetBlack in advance of travel to New York City, paying close attention to what was actually included in the quoted price.
What Happened: The driver stayed in regular contact, the vehicle was clean, and — flagged specifically as a positive — tolls and gratuity were included in the price, making post-trip billing straightforward with no line-item surprises.
Why It Matters: Wedding budgets expand by the time the last vendor invoice lands. A wedding limos NY provider who includes tolls and gratuity in the quoted figure removes one variable from that expansion — small in isolation, but the kind of detail couples remember months later when they are tallying what the day actually cost.
Case Study 3 — Anonymous, TripAdvisor, 1 Star, January 2025 (wedding day booking)
The Situation: A customer booked JetBlack specifically for their wedding morning — a day when running 15 minutes behind schedule was not a crisis, it was a given.
What Happened: The driver called repeatedly and threatened additional charges while the family was still getting ready, according to the reviewer. JetBlack’s PR team disputed the account in their response, citing no internal records to support the description. Both versions may hold some truth — policies around waiting fees are set by the company, but how individual drivers apply them at 8 a.m. on a wedding morning is a separate variable.
Why It Matters: Every wedding morning runs late. Build 20 minutes of buffer into each pickup window, confirm the grace period terms in writing before the booking is finalised, and ask what happens when the ceremony pickup runs behind — not the airport pickup, the wedding morning pickup. That conversation belongs with a dispatcher, not a sales rep.
Not every review of any provider is a clean endorsement. The recurring theme in JetBlack’s lower-rated TripAdvisor reviews is waiting-fee communication when schedules shift — worth flagging at booking, in writing, before the wedding date.
How to Book Wedding Limos NY Without Getting Burned — A Practical Checklist
Booking lead time is the single variable that determines how much leverage you have. The industry standard for peak-season Saturdays in New York — May through October — is 9 to 12 months out. WeddingWire data shows that 73% of couples who reported NYC wedding transportation problems booked fewer than 3 months before their date. By March, the cleanest vehicles for a June wedding in Manhattan are already gone. Book early, or accept that you are choosing from what is left.
“Fixed rate” needs unpacking in every conversation with a wedding limos NY provider. It should mean the total you pay at the end matches the figure on your confirmation. In practice, it sometimes means the base rate is fixed but tolls, the Manhattan congestion surcharge, gratuity, and fuel fees show up separately on the final invoice. Ask the specific question: “Is the $0.75-per-trip TLC congestion surcharge included in this quote?” For bridal car service Manhattan couples whose ceremony and reception are both below 60th Street, that charge applies at least twice — and more depending on the day’s routing.
On March 3, 2026, U.S. District Judge Lewis Liman ruled that the federal government’s attempt to revoke approval for New York’s Congestion Relief Zone was unlawful — describing the move as “arbitrary and capricious” in a 147-page decision. Any wedding limo NY provider quoting you a trip into Midtown or Downtown Manhattan is quoting against this backdrop. The $0.75-per-trip passenger surcharge is not going away before your wedding date. Get confirmation of who absorbs it — you or the provider — in the booking contract, not in a verbal aside.
Booking Checklist — Save or Screenshot This
- ☐ TLC license verified at tlc.nyc.gov/industry/verify-a-license/
- ☐ Fixed all-in rate confirmed in writing (tolls + congestion surcharge included)
- ☐ Grace period confirmed in writing: starts at [ ] scheduled pickup time / [ ] driver arrival
- ☐ Cancellation window: _______ hours for full refund
- ☐ Driver name + vehicle details sent at least 30 min before pickup
- ☐ Wedding-day scheduling flexibility confirmed with dispatch (not sales)
- ☐ Quote from at least one other provider obtained for comparison
The Industry in Honest Terms — How the NYC Wedding Limo Market Works
New York’s for-hire vehicle market includes approximately 80,000 active FHV drivers and more than 500 licensed bases as of early 2026, per TLC published data. Wedding limos NY sit in the black car and luxury livery tier — pre-arranged, dispatcher-controlled, held to stricter vehicle age requirements (no more than 7 model years old for black car vehicles), and subject to TLC inspection at least every six months. That inspection cadence matters: a vehicle that looks clean at the quote stage may have lapsed its last inspection by your wedding date. Verify the vehicle license, not just the company name.
Stretch limo rental NYC has lost ground to sedans and SUVs over the past several years. One NYC luxury transportation provider estimated that roughly 65% of their 2025 wedding bookings were for Mercedes S-Class sedans or Cadillac Escalades rather than traditional stretch limousines — a reversal of what the wedding limos NY category looked like a decade ago. The reasons are partly stylistic and partly practical: a 120-inch stretch is harder to manoeuvre through certain Brooklyn blocks or tight venue driveways than a well-appointed Escalade, and many couples now prefer the discretion of a luxury sedan over the spectacle of a stretch.
Congestion pricing has had a real, if modest, effect on midday wedding-day routing in Manhattan. TLC black car and taxi trips pay a $0.75-per-trip passenger surcharge rather than the full daily vehicle toll — a structure that keeps fixed-rate wedding limo NY quotes more predictable than they might otherwise be. Traffic volume in the Congestion Relief Zone dropped by an estimated 10–17% in the program’s first year, improving average travel times on avenues below 60th Street during daytime hours. Brooklyn-to-Manhattan routes on a Saturday evening via the BQE and Van Wyck are a different matter — no tolling program has touched those.
On the competitors: Dial 7 is the right call when you want a long-established operator with published rates and no surprises. Limo House has built a genuine WeddingWire reputation on newer vehicles and all-in package pricing. Legends Limousine’s strength is personalisation — the negative review flagging an early bus departure that left guests stranded is worth raising directly before booking any group shuttle through them. JetBlack’s strongest case is the couple with a complex wedding day: airport runs for out-of-town family, bridal party transport, guest shuttles from Midtown hotels, and a private car for the couple — all coordinated from one dispatcher, at fixed prices, with a fleet large enough to actually cover the full wedding limos NY itinerary.
Party Bus Versus Limo: Which One Actually Makes Sense?
A party bus seats 20–40 guests and runs $200–$400 per hour from most TLC-licensed providers — the right move for a large bridal party that wants to stay together and carry the reception energy into transit. The trade-off is the arrival: 30 people stepping off a party bus reads differently in a photograph than a stretch limo pulling up in front of a Midtown venue.
Most planners recommend a dedicated private car for the couple regardless of what the wedding party rides. The party bus vs limo wedding NYC question is usually answered by doing both — guests get the bus, the couple gets a wedding limo NY with a driver who knows where to stand for the photographer and how to hold the door.
The most reliable signal of a trustworthy wedding limos NY provider is not their star rating. It is the specific answer they give when you ask what happens if the morning runs 25 minutes behind. If they say “we’ll work with you” — ask what that means in writing. If they say “there’s a $1-per-minute charge after the grace period” — ask whether that clock starts at the scheduled pickup time or the moment the driver parks outside. The difference could cost you $40 on a morning you did not need any extra stress. Either way, it is a question worth asking before any deposit clears — and before any ribbon goes on any car.
FAQ
How much do wedding limos NY cost in 2026?
Wedding limos NY run $75–$250 per hour in 2026 depending on vehicle type. Sedans start at $75/hr, stretch limousines at $120–$250/hr, party buses at $200–$400/hr. Most NYC providers require a 3-hour minimum for Saturday weddings. Gratuity of 15–20% is typically added unless confirmed in writing — Dial 7 packages from $360, Limo House from $200, JetBlack wedding limo NY packages from $75/hr on request.
What is the minimum booking time for a wedding limo in New York?
The standard minimum for a wedding limo in New York is 3 hours, extended to 4–5 hours by most providers for peak-season Saturdays. Ask one specific question when booking: does the clock start from the driver’s departure point or your first pickup address — the difference can add 30–45 minutes of chargeable time to your wedding limo in New York booking.
Are tips included in NYC wedding limo quotes, or do I pay separately?
Ask for a written itemised quote before committing to any wedding limos NY booking — gratuity handling varies by company. Some include 15–20% in the package total; others add it separately on the final invoice. On a $400 base rate, a 20% gratuity is $80. The question to ask before signing: is gratuity included, and at what percentage.
How far in advance should I book wedding limos in New York?
The industry standard for booking wedding limos in New York is 9–12 months out for peak-season Saturdays from May through October. WeddingWire data shows 73% of couples who reported transportation problems booked fewer than 3 months out. For off-peak dates or weekdays, 6 months is a safe minimum.
What happens if my wedding runs late and the limo driver starts charging extra?
Every TLC-licensed NY wedding limo provider sets a grace period after the scheduled pickup before extra charges apply. The key question: does the clock start at the scheduled time or when the driver parks outside. A 20-minute difference in that policy can mean $40–$60 on a wedding morning. Get it in writing and build a 20-minute buffer into every pickup.
Is a stretch limo or an SUV the better choice for a New York wedding?
For most New York weddings, a luxury SUV — Escalade, Mercedes S-Class — is more practical for the couple’s vehicle; a stretch limo works well for a bridal party of 6–10. Stretch limos are harder to navigate on tight Brooklyn streets and venue driveways. The classic NY wedding limo aesthetic photographs differently at a ceremony door — the right choice depends on venue access and which wedding limo NY style fits your day.
Do NY wedding limo companies include the Manhattan congestion surcharge in the price?
Not always — ask any NY wedding limo provider before signing. TLC black car trips entering Manhattan south of 60th Street carry a $0.75 per-trip passenger surcharge, upheld by federal court March 3, 2026. Some NY wedding limo companies include it in all-in pricing; others add it to the final invoice. If both your ceremony and reception are below 60th Street, the surcharge applies at least twice. Confirm in writing before the contract is signed.
How do I verify that my wedding limo driver is TLC-licensed in NYC?
Go to tlc.nyc.gov/industry/verify-a-license/ and enter the driver’s TLC license number and the vehicle license number — both should arrive at least 30 minutes before pickup. For any NY wedding limo carrying 8 or more passengers, the minimum insurance is $1.5 million combined single limit under New York State law. Ask for vehicle-specific confirmation before the wedding day.
What is the best way to get an accurate quote for wedding limos in NY?
The most accurate quote for wedding limos in NY comes from a written request listing your date, all pickup addresses, passenger counts, and times. Ask for an itemised breakdown covering hourly rate, gratuity, tolls, Manhattan congestion surcharge, and minimum booking fee. Compare at least two wedding limos NY providers on the same written spec — verbal estimates routinely differ from the invoice.
Can I book a party bus and a separate limo for the same NYC wedding?
Yes — and this is how most experienced planners handle larger New York weddings. The couple’s wedding limo NY covers the private moments: morning pickup, ceremony arrival, portrait stop, reception entrance. A party bus runs parallel for the bridal party and guests. A provider like JetBlack can coordinate both from one dispatcher, and a dedicated NYC wedding limo plus party bus typically costs less per head than the equivalent in rideshares.
What does a full-day NYC wedding limo package typically include?
A full-day NYC wedding limo package typically covers 6–8 hours with a TLC-licensed chauffeur in formal attire, a decorated vehicle, champagne or water, and multiple stops. What most NYC wedding limo packages exclude: tolls, the Manhattan congestion surcharge, hours beyond the contracted window, and gratuity unless stated. A $600 base quote and a $600 all-in price differ by up to $150 once taxes, tolls, and gratuity are applied.
How many passengers fit in a stretch limo versus an SUV limo for a wedding?
A standard stretch seats 8–10 but treat 8 as the practical maximum in any NY wedding limo stretch when guests wear formal attire. An Escalade stretch SUV seats 14–20 comfortably. For groups over 20, a Sprinter or mini-coach fits better than any stretched vehicle. Confirm entry clearance before booking — some NY wedding limo stretch models require passengers to stoop noticeably, which shows at the ceremony door.
Is it safe to use Uber instead of a licensed wedding limo service in New York?
Rideshare vehicles in New York are TLC-affiliated, so drivers hold individual licenses and carry commercial insurance. What rideshare cannot offer is a committed chauffeur on your schedule — surge pricing peaks on Saturday afternoons in Midtown, and drivers can cancel en route. For any time-critical wedding transport, a pre-booked wedding limo service in New York removes those variables. The cost difference on a fixed-rate wedding limos NY booking is often smaller than couples expect once surge pricing is factored in.
What should I ask a wedding limo NY company before I sign any contract?
Before signing with any wedding limo NY company, get written answers to these six questions: Is the price all-in — gratuity, tolls, congestion surcharge included? What is the grace period and when does the clock start? What specific vehicle is assigned and can we view it? What is the cancellation policy? Does the same driver stay the full day? What is the dispatcher’s direct number on the wedding day? A wedding limo NY company that answers all six in writing before taking a deposit operates differently from one that doesn’t.
Does JetBlack offer wedding limo packages in New York City?
JetBlack provides wedding-day transport in New York City through hourly rates and custom multi-vehicle packages. They are one of the few wedding limos NY providers offering sedans, SUVs, Sprinters, stretch limos, minibuses, and coach buses under a single dispatcher — useful when coordinating airport pickups, bridal party, and guest vehicles on the same day. Rates from $75/hr (sedan) and $120/hr (stretch). TripAdvisor 4.3/5.0 (239 reviews), Trustpilot 4.0/5.0 (45 reviews), March 2026. Request a wedding limo NY quote at jetblacktransportation.com or +1 646-214-4828.
Sources
- NYC Taxi and Limousine Commission. “Vehicle Insurance Requirements.” TLC.nyc.gov. Accessed March 25, 2026.
- NYC Taxi and Limousine Commission. “Verify a License.” TLC.nyc.gov. Accessed March 25, 2026.
- Windels Marx. “New NY Laws for Black Car, Limo and Bus Companies.” WindelsMarx.com. 2020.
- MTA. “Congestion Relief Zone Tolling — Per-Trip Charges.” CongestionReliefZone.mta.info. Accessed March 25, 2026.
- NY Tolls Info. “NYC Congestion Pricing Map 2026 — Federal Court Ruling March 3, 2026.” NyTollsInfo.com. Accessed March 25, 2026.
- JetBlack. “Services and Fleet.” JetBlackTransportation.com. Accessed March 25, 2026.
- Dial 7. “Wedding Limo Service NYC.” Dial7.com. Accessed March 25, 2026.
- WeddingWire. “Limo House Reviews.” WeddingWire.com. Accessed March 25, 2026. Score: 5.0/5.0, 125 reviews.
- WeddingWire. “Legends Limousine Reviews.” WeddingWire.com. Accessed March 25, 2026.
- Trustpilot. “JetBlack Transportation Reviews.” Trustpilot.com. Accessed March 25, 2026. Score: 4.0/5.0, 45 reviews.
- TripAdvisor. “Jet Black Transportation Reviews.” TripAdvisor.com. Accessed March 25, 2026. Score: 4.3/5.0, 239 reviews.
- Detailed Drivers. “Wedding Transportation NYC Guide 2026.” DetailedDrivers.com. Accessed March 25, 2026.
- Muck Rack. “Christina Jelski Profile — Travel Weekly.” MuckRack.com. Accessed March 25, 2026.
About This Article
This article was written and submitted by an independent third-party writer through the JetBlack contributor platform. JetBlack is not responsible for the accuracy, opinions, or conclusions expressed in this article. All facts, data, and claims are the sole responsibility of the named author. Readers should verify all information independently before making travel or booking decisions.
All information and data referenced in this article are sourced from publicly available online sources including government bodies, established news outlets, industry publications, and credible company websites. Full citations are provided in the Sources section at the end of this article.
Produced in editorial partnership with JetBlack (jetblacktransportation.com). Recommendations are based on independently verified pricing, official TLC and NYC DOT data, and live customer review analysis pulled from Trustpilot and TripAdvisor at the time of writing — including critical reviews. Sponsored content is clearly separated from editorial findings.
Methodology
Pricing data sourced from provider websites and MTA congestion pricing documentation. Regulatory figures verified at tlc.nyc.gov. Review case studies drawn from live reviews fetched March 25, 2026. Writer credentials and published bylines verified via web search March 25, 2026.
Contact & Corrections
Physical dispatch: 34 W 34th St, New York, NY 10001 | 24-hour reservations: +1 646-214-2330 | Editorial corrections: editorials@jetblacktransportation.com
Disclaimer
All prices, regulatory requirements, and operational details verified as of March 25, 2026 and subject to change. TLC insurance minimums, congestion pricing surcharges, and taxi flat rates are set by public agencies. Verify current figures at tlc.nyc.gov and nyc.gov/dot before travel. Any reliance on this content is at your own risk.
Sponsorship Disclosure
This content is produced in partnership with JetBlack. The sponsor did not review or approve editorial content prior to publication. Negative review findings and competitor comparisons are included at editorial discretion and were not subject to sponsor approval.
